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February 20th, 2020
Azure Privilege Escalation Using Managed Identities
Azure Managed Identities are Azure AD objects that allow Azure virtual machines to act as users in an Azure subscription. While this may sound like a bad idea, AWS utilizes IAM instance profiles for EC2 and Lambda execution roles to accomplish very similar results, so it’s not an uncommon practice across cloud providers. In my […]
February 13th, 2020
Attacking Azure with Custom Script Extensions
PowerShell and Bash scripts are excellent tools for automating simple or repetitive tasks. Azure values this and provides several mechanisms for remotely running scripts and commands in virtual machines (VMs). While there are many practical, safe uses of these Azure features, they can also be used maliciously. In this post we’ll explore how the Custom […]
December 10th, 2019
Azure Privilege Escalation via Cloud Shell
TLDR; By default, Azure Subscription Contributors have access to all storage accounts in a subscription. These storage accounts can contain Azure Cloud Shell storage files (Linux home directories) that can contain sensitive information. By modifying these Cloud Shell files, an attacker can execute commands in the Cloud Shell sessions of other users. This can lead […]
November 18th, 2019
Analyzing DNS TXT Records to Fingerprint Online Service Providers
In this blog I’ll share a process/script that can be used to identify online service providers used by a target company through domain validation tokens stored in DNS TXT records.
November 11th, 2019
Exploiting SQL Server Global Temporary Table Race Conditions
This blog will walk through how to find and exploit SQL Server global temporary table race conditions to gain unauthorized access to data and execute code.
October 24th, 2019
Limiting The Exposure of Plain Text Passwords in C#
One vulnerability that we frequently look for when testing thick client applications is plain text passwords that are exposed in memory. Microsoft provides the SecureString to help protect passwords in memory, but what it does not provide is a perfect solution to actually using the SecureString when sending web requests. And as you’ll see below, […]
September 12th, 2019
Maintaining Azure Persistence via Automation Accounts
In every penetration test that involves Azure, we want to escalate our privileges up to a global administrator of the tenant. Once we’ve escalated our privileges in an Azure tenant, we want to have the ability to maintain our access to each subscription and the tenant as a whole. Aside from the benefits of controlling […]
August 29th, 2019
MachineAccountQuota Transitive Quota: 110 Accounts and Beyond
Background If you aren’t familiar with MachineAccountQuota (MAQ), I recommend skimming my previous blog post on the subject. TLDR Active Directory (AD) tracks transitive accounts created through MAQ to limit the number of accounts that can be added from a single unprivileged source account. AD calculates the maximum using a formula of Q * (Q […]
July 9th, 2019
Collecting Contacts from zoominfo.com
For our client engagements, we are constantly searching for new methods of open source intelligence (OSINT) gathering. This post will specifically focus on targeting client contact collection from a site we have found to be very useful (zoominfo.com) and will describe some of the hurdles we needed to overcome to write automation around site scraping. […]
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Common Questions
What is Penetration Testing as a Service (PTaaS)?
PTaaS is NetSPI’s delivery model for penetration testing. It enables customers to simplify the scoping of new engagements, view their testing results in real time, orchestrate faster remediation, perform always-on continuous testing, and more - all through the Resolve™ vulnerability management and orchestration platform.
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Why should I use NetSPI?
Your attack surface is constantly evolving. We help organizations defend against real-world attacks by being the best at simulating real-world, sophisticated adversaries with the products, services, and training we provide. Our historical testing data shows that there is simply no replacement for human-led manual deep dive testing. This level of testing finds the most severe vulnerabilities that tools will never uncover. Our proven methodology ensures that the client experience and our findings aren’t only as good as the latest tester assigned to your project. That consistency gives our customers assurance that if vulnerabilities exist, we will find them. In addition, our Resolve platform delivers automation to ensure our people spend time looking for the vulnerabilities that tools miss. We provide automated and manual testing of all aspects of an organization’s entire attack surface, including external and internal network, application, cloud, and physical security. We know how attackers think and operate, allowing us to help our customers better defend against the threats they face daily.