April 25th, 2017
SQL Injection to Help You Sleep at Night
If there’s anything to be learned from Gitlab’s recent downtime (which they handled amazingly well), it’s that production databases need to be pampered. They aren’t something to play around with and as penetration testers that responsibility extends to us. Many companies will allow testing in production, it can be argued that it is the responsible […]
April 20th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 6
Lets look at another practical example of weaponizing WMI using PowerShell. Earlier we went over how to create a custom WMI class. Using this class along with the Set-WmiInstance command we can create a class that we can then use to store files as Base64 Encoded strings.
April 18th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 5
Establishing Persistence with WMI Like SQL, WMI can be setup with a set of Triggers. We can use these triggers to maintain persistence on a system by launching commands after a specified event is detected. These are stored in the root/subscription namespace and fall into two broad categories, Intrinsic Events and Extrinsic Events. Intrinsic Events […]
April 13th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 4
Stealing the NTDS.dit File Remotely using the WMI Win32_ShadowCopy Class Dumping password hashes is a pretty common task during pentest and red team engagements. For domain controllers, it can be done a number of different ways including, but not limited to, DCSync (drsuapi), lsadump, and parsing the ntds.dit directly. Sean Metcalf has already covered how […]
April 11th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 3
Substantive changes to the configuration of a system can be made with WMI. These are often overlooked, as there are other and less obscure methods to accomplish the same goal. That said the ability to run these commands remotely through a different medium make these classes quite capable.
April 6th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 2
A WMI class, such as Win32_Process is a grouping of like properties and methods. Using SQL as an analogy, a property is like a SQL column and a method is similar to a stored procedure.
April 4th, 2017
Getting Started with WMI Weaponization – Part 1
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) is a Microsoft management protocol derived from the Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) protocol. WMI is a web service that can perform management operations on the host operating system. It has also been a part of Windows since Windows 95 where it was available as an optional feature.
March 14th, 2017
SQL Server Link Crawling with PowerUpSQL
Quite a while ago I wrote a blog regarding SQL Server linked servers and a few Metasploit modules to exploit misconfigured links. Using the same techniques, I wrote a few functions for Scott Sutherland’s excellent PowerUpSQL toolkit to allow linked server enumeration after initial access to a SQL Server has been obtained.
March 7th, 2017
Attacking SSO: Common SAML Vulnerabilities and Ways to Find Them
In this blog I’ll share some pointers that can be used when testing Single Sign-On (SSO) solutions that utilize SAML. The centralized nature of SSO provides a range of security benefits, but also makes SSO a high-profile target to attackers. The majority of SSO implementations I have seen in the past year pass SAML messages as […]